In what situations is covert surveillance typically used in theft investigations?

Covert surveillance is employed in theft investigations primarily to capture evidence without revealing the investigator's identity. This method allows investigators to observe real-time theft activities without alerting the suspected individuals, which is crucial in gathering authentic evidence that can be used in legal proceedings. By remaining unseen, investigators can document theft instances as they happen, ensuring that the evidence is legitimate and untainted by prior notification of the investigation.

The other options represent practices that do not typically require covert methods. Routine monitoring of employees generally involves transparency and often does not necessitate hidden surveillance techniques. Openly documenting store transactions is a straightforward approach that does not involve the covert tactics used in theft investigations. Briefing law enforcement on all actions is important for coordination but does not reflect the primary function of covert surveillance, which focuses on discreetly gathering evidence.